NIHHIS-CAPA Urban Heat Island Mapping Campaign Application

Justice40 - The NIHHIS Urban Heat Island mapping program is a covered program under the Biden Administration’s Justice40 initiative. As such we are required to track and report on the allocation of benefits to Environmental Justice (EJ) communities. Tracking and reporting requirements have not yet been finalized, but we anticipate that communities involved in this program in 2022 will be required to assist with tracking and reporting, and that communities will use readily available demographic information (CDC SVI, EIG’s Distressed Communities Index, or EJ Screen) to ensure adequate coverage of EJ communities.

Environmental Justice will be one factor that we consider in prioritizing applications. While we await final guidance on how Justice40 tracking will be implemented, we encourage you to consider the following in preparing your application:

• How does your county (or counties) rank nationally in terms of overall social vulnerability according to the CDC SVI tool?
• Within the spatial area you intend to map, do you have a plan for identifying and including EJ communities in the driving routes selected for the mapping campaign?
• Do you have plans for engaging underrepresented and EJ community members in the mapping process itself, such as by working with EJ organizations to recruit a diverse set of citizen scientists in the campaigns?
• Do you have plans to apply the mapping campaign outcomes to increase environmental justice and equity in heat resilience planning?

Going Global - We’re opening up mapping to global cities. For the 2022 mapping season we plan to run 1-2 campaigns in cities outside of the United States. We are partnering with the Global Heat Health Information Network (GHHIN) to reach communities in other other countries.

Enhanced Observations - We are always looking for ways to improve these mapping campaigns to provide the best experience and data for cities. Thanks to feedback from our many partners, we will now be piloting stationary sensors in two communities in addition to the mobile transects we typically run in these campaigns. Stationary sensors will enhance coverage of cities in space and time, providing more information for decision-making. Communities selected to also deploy with stationary sensors will be taking on additional organizing responsibilities, organizing extra volunteers and managing the deployment and collection of ~20 sensors.

Heat Mapping Support from NOAA - NOAA and CAPA Strategies work together as part of a Public-Private Partnership to help cities understand how heat is distributed throughout communities, and to support subsequent decision making for the solutions to extreme heat. CAPA Strategies was chosen as the subcontractor by Harmonic International, which was competitively awarded a purchase agreement by NOAA. As such, we are using an application process to prioritize campaign communities, not a competition; we are accepting applications for interested organizations, not proposals. Community partners do not receive direct funding from NOAA in the form of a grant; CAPA strategies has been funded to perform a service on behalf of NOAA for the successful applicants. The principal organization (likely the application submitter) will still enter into a contractual relationship with CAPA Strategies for risk mitigation purposes, to ensure that borrowed mapping gear is properly cared for and returned. Staff time, remuneration of volunteers, and other expenses will not be covered through NOAA funds via this application. Please include in-kind and financial support to cover these expenses as matching funds in this application.

The summer 2020 & 2021 mapping campaigns were all conducted successfully using an enhanced safety protocol designed by CAPA Strategies, which included sterilization of gear and encouraged participants to follow local safety ordinances of their respective cities, counties, and states. Training and logistical coordination is performed online. We anticipate that any COVID-19 issues faced in 2022 will be similar to those addressed in '20/21, and we are optimistic that campaigns will be able to move forward. However, we remain in a “wait and see” posture as we cannot predict the status of the pandemic for summer 2022.

28 October 2021
Application form opens on this page. An announcement will go out via the Heat Beat e-newsletter as well as through several other partners. Please join the mailing list to stay informed.

14 January 2022
Application Deadline for interested communities.

1 February 2022
Anticipated Notification of selected communities.

14-26 February 2022
Onboarding call scheduled with selected communities

1 March 2022
Communities confirm participation and finalize any matching funds Local campaigns are then run throughout the summer depending upon local climate and other factors. Results from the campaigns are available in the fall.

There may be more interest than we have funds or capacity to support next summer; therefore, we will use a review panel process to prioritize the applications for support. The panel typically consists of 3-5 panelists. Interested applicants for NOAA-supported campaigns will be expected to address the following criteria in their application form:

• Can you articulate a clear need for the campaign and resulting data?
  The UHI effect often leads to a heterogeneous distribution of heat throughout a city, ultimately leading to residents in some neighborhoods facing higher exposure to heat extremes than others. Research has shown strong correlation between UHIs and health and vulnerability indicators. Communities should be able to articulate why a community science field campaign is important for engaging the community, and why the maps of the UHI effect are needed to explore and address these issues.
• Do you have local leaders and ready partners required to make your campaign a success?
  Experience shows that cities with strong leadership from a local host organization as well as a robust set of partners from all sectors — education, government, NGOs, and the private sector — make more effective campaigns and, thus, will be given higher priority. We prioritize diversity and inclusion in the engagement of community members, and prioritize campaigns and partnerships that can engage populations that are often underserved or underrepresented in scientific studies.
• What are your goals for the campaign, and for using the resulting engagement and data afterwards?
  Cities with clear plans to use these community science campaigns to promote awareness and understanding of urban heat and health issues, and to apply the data from the campaigns to plans to manage these issues in the short- and long-run, are preferred. For example, communitie have used these campaigns to support local long-term planning, inform immediate risk mitigation efforts, complement efforts to address equity issues, and for community education and outreach. New urban climate and health research objectives that employ the resulting data are also encouraged.
• Will you be able to organize and adequately support your volunteers?
  Though the Heat Watch support materials have been developed to make planning a campaign easier, bringing together a set of volunteers and coordinating local logistics can be a challenge. We prioritize applicants that can clearly demonstrate their ability to organize, and prefer applicants that can support their volunteers’ efforts in some way.

In addition to these considerations, other factors such as diversity of urban climate and urban structure (density, land use) may be considered in selecting cities to facilitate a better sample of city types for more robust model analysis.

Applicants are also encouraged to engage existing NOAA and/or NIHHIS activities and partners in planning and executing a local UHI campaign.

• NOAA CPO RISA Teams
• NOAA CPO-Funded Grantees
• NOAA Sea Grant Offices
• NOAA Weather Forecast Offices
• NOAA Weather Ready Nation Ambassadors
• NOAA NIDIS Drought Early Warning Systems (DEWS)
• Global Heat Health Information Network (GHHIN) partners
• CDC BRACE Grantees
• NLC Community Resilience Grantees
• USFS Urban and Community Forestry
• NOAA Climate Resilience Toolkit

Though not a requirement, applicants are encouraged to provide matching funds for the basic Heat Watch campaign, to cost-share with NOAA. The cost of a campaign for a medium-sized city (~50 square miles) is $10,000, while the cost for larger cities may be $20,000 or more. Cost matching allows us to reach more cities, providing more needed UHI mapping assistance.

Please note that the Heat Watch service provided by CAPA Strategies is available to any community outside of receiving NOAA support for these campaigns, and cities/counties able to self fund 100% of the cost of a campaign may reach out directly to CAPA Strategies to inquire about their services. Whether supported by NOAA or not, all Heat Watch communities are invited to be part of the larger NIHHIS-CAPA community of practice, and NOAA will make every effort to provide in-kind support to those cities as they perform their summer mapping projects.

• What happens if more than one organization from my city applies?
  • Campaigns are most effective with a clear lead organization and many collaborating partners, so we will work with interested applicants to help synergize their efforts locally. Casting a wide net for partners when coordinating your application survey response will help minimize potential for duplication.
• How much does a typical campaign cost (i.e. what level of funding does NOAA provide to CAPA to run a campaign in a city)?
  • The baseline cost for a campaign, which NOAA covers for cities with successful applications, typically ranges from $10,000 for smaller cities (< 100 mi^2) to $30,000 for megacities (up to 500 mi^2). Note that this is just the baseline funding for CAPA to help the cities run the campaign, provide gear and guidance, and process the data. This amount does not include reimbursement for time or transportation of volunteers or organizers.
• We are considering applying with matching funds - what would be a recommended amount?
  • Matching funds are not required. However, many cities (about half of the 2020 cohort) are able to cost-share about 50% of the cost of the campaign. See the previous FAQ item for typical campaign costs. It's not a hard criterion in the evaluation, but bringing other funds to the table shows partner commitment, and enables us to reach more cities with our funding. If you do not have matching funds, it can still be helpful to identify how you will support your volunteers and other in-kind contributions.
• My community already has existing urban heat island maps, but we are interested in doing the campaign. May I still apply?
  • Some city officials have indicated that their existing urban heat island maps are not sufficient for their long-term planning needs. So, yes, you may still apply. These campaigns are different from many other mapping approaches in that they consolidate satellite imagery and in-situ air temperature information to create highly accurate and high resolution maps. For more information consult a recent publication on the mapping process [https://doi.org/10.3390/cli7010005].
• Is there a minimum or maximum city size for mapping?
  • The urban heat island effect can be experienced in cities of all sizes, though as a general rule it tends to increase with larger, denser cities (but there are ways to mitigate the effect and thwart this general rule!). We would consider a mapping project in any community, but would prefer those with a population of ~20,000 or higher.
• What is the difference between the maps created by this project and those created through satellite measurements? And which one is more accurate?
  • Satellite measurements provide descriptions of surface “skin” temperatures (LST: Land Surface Temperature), which includes roadways, sidewalks, and the tops of buildings and trees. The maps produced from this work describes air (or ambient) temperatures approximately 6 feet (2 m) above the ground. Each map product is useful for particular applications. EPA’s Urban Heat Island primer has helpful information to further clarify the differences.
• I am a resident of a city, and do not work in this space, but I would like to see my city mapped or be involved in a campaign.
  • Great! We encourage you to reach out to your local science museum, city government, and other organizations to see if they are interested in coordinating a campaign.
  • If you would like to volunteer as a citizen scientist for a campaign in your area, just sign up for our newsletter to stay informed, and you’ll be among the first to know if your city was chosen for a campaign! Join the Heat Beat email list
• For some potential volunteers, car ownership is a barrier to participation. Will biking, walking, or other forms of participation be possible?
  • Yes, biking and walking campaigns can be devised for limited, smaller areas of interest to engage participants in a more accessible, less carbon-intensive heat mapping exercise. The physical health and safety of participants, who will be asked to spend several hours outside on a hot day, is of important consideration for this campaign style.
• Are cities outside of the United States able to be a part of this?
  • Yes! New this year, we will now consider running UHI mapping campaigns in 1-2 global cities (outside of the U.S.). We are partnering with the Global Heat Health Information Network (GHHIN)to reach communities in other other countries.
  • My city is planning to do our own UHI mapping soon. Can we still work with you?
    • Absolutely. Though limited in capacity in terms of the number of cities we can support for mapping through the CAPA process any given year, NIHHIS and its partners welcome collaboration with other cities and scientists working on urban heat island mapping. The campaigns are part of a broader effort to improve information and decision-making to reduce heat risk across the nation.
  • My city has already done a CAPA Heat Watch campaign. Will repeat cities be allowed?
    • Though we are interested in investigating the persistence of the heat island through multiple Heat Watch campaigns, we are not prioritizing repeat mapping activities at this time. Instead, we encourage researchers to investigate the longitudinal persistence of the heat island through complementary research, such as by using in-situ monitors and existing urban observing systems.
  • I would like to work with CAPA to map the UHI in my city even if I’m not chosen for NOAA support. Is this possible?
    • Yes. CAPA is an independent company and you can directly contract with them, or you may engage with another urban heat mapping service provider of your choice. If you do choose to work directly with CAPA, you'll still have access to other in-kind support from NOAA (e.g. heat beat newsletter, cohort meetings, etc.).
  • What does “pending the availability of funds” mean, and when will we know if we can move forward?
    • Every year, Congress must pass, and the President must sign, a budget to fund federal agencies in the United States. Though the budget would ideally be passed in advance of the fiscal year (which starts October 1st), this does not always happen by this deadline. We move forward with planning these mapping campaigns on the assumption that we will receive funding for them at some point in the fiscal year, but we do not know for certain when this will be, nor how much will be allocated for the campaigns.